Optical properties of Euler-Heisenberg black hole in the Cold Dark Matter Halo

TL;DR

This paper studies how Cold Dark Matter halos affect the optical appearance of Euler-Heisenberg black holes, revealing that increased halo parameters enlarge and dim the black hole's optical features.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed analysis of the impact of CDM halos on the optical properties of Euler-Heisenberg black holes, including image simulations and photon orbit behaviors.

Findings

CDM halo parameters increase horizon and photon sphere radii.

Black holes become larger and dimmer with higher CDM parameters.

Optical images and photon trajectories are significantly influenced by CDM halos.

Abstract

The optical properties of Euler-Heisenberg (EH) black hole (BH) surrounded by Cold Dark Matter (CDM) halo are investigated. By changing BH's parameters, we found that the radius of horizon r_{h} and radius of photon sphere r_{ph} will transparently increase as CDM halo parameters R and \rho increase. To show the influence of CDM halo on the BH's optical characteristics, we took two sets of R and \rho with prominent differences and plot the first four orders of images for thin accretion disk with different angle of inclination \theta of observer. The images with light intensity distributions using Novikov-Thorne (N-T) model are also derived, as well as the effective potential, photon orbits. Especially, analysis of intersection behaviors between photon trajectories with different impact parameters and circular time-like orbits in accretion disk will help better understand the image of thin accretion disk. Our results showed that CDM halo will make BH become more larger and dimmer distinctly.