On the Hubble expansion in a Big Bang quantum cosmology

TL;DR

This paper proposes a new cosmological model, $J$CDM, derived from Big Bang quantum cosmology, which explains dark energy as a relic of the Big Bang and alleviates the $H_0$-tension while fitting observational data.

Contribution

The $J$CDM model introduces a novel analytic solution for the Hubble parameter based on quantum cosmology, providing an alternative to $ ext{Lambda}$CDM that aligns with current observations.

Findings

$J$CDM predicts a higher $H_0$ value, reducing tension with local measurements.

The model fits Planck 2018 CMB data as well as $ ext{Lambda}$CDM.

$J$CDM is consistent with recent BAO measurements from DESI.

Abstract

The Hubble expansion of the Universe is considered in the classical limit of a Big Bang quantum cosmology. In an IR-consistent coupling to the the bare cosmological constant, we infer a dark energy as a relic of the Big Bang by loss of time-translation invariance on a Hubble time-scale. This dark energy is identified with the trace $J$ of the Schouten tensor permitting an analytic solution $H(z)$. Anchored by the {\em Baryonic Accoustic Oscillations}, $J$CDM predicts a Hubble constant $H_0=\sqrt{6/5}\,H_0^\Lambda$ alleviating $H_0$-tension between the Local Distance Ladder and $H_0^\Lambda$ in $\Lambda$CDM, whose dark energy $\Lambda$ is a constant. Emulated by $w(a)\Lambda$CDM, a CAMB analysis shows a $J$CDM fit to the {\em Planck} 2018 $C_l^{TT}$ power spectrum on par with $\Lambda$CDM with small positive curvature consistent with {\em Planck}-$\Lambda$CDM with no extra relativistic degrees of freedom. In late-time cosmology, $J$CDM is also consistent with the BAO recently measured by DESI. { $J$CDM offers a novel framework to address $H_0$-tension, predicting background quantities consistent with the uncertainties in BAO measurements and early-Universe observations.} It predicts a deceleration parameter $q_0\simeq-1$, that may be tested with upcoming low-redshift galaxy surveys.