5 Year Update to the Next Steps in Quantum Computing

TL;DR

This paper reviews the progress in quantum computing over five years, emphasizing advances in algorithms and hardware, and discusses future challenges in error mitigation and fault-tolerant quantum machines.

Contribution

It provides an updated overview of quantum computing developments and outlines key research directions for achieving fault-tolerant quantum advantage.

Findings

Significant progress in quantum algorithms and hardware

Advances in error mitigation techniques

Identification of challenges towards fault-tolerant quantum computing

Abstract

It has been 5 years since the Computing Community Consortium (CCC) Workshop on Next Steps in Quantum Computing, and significant progress has been made in closing the gap between useful quantum algorithms and quantum hardware. Yet much remains to be done, in particular in terms of mitigating errors and moving towards error-corrected machines. As we begin to transition from the Noisy-Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) era to a future of fault-tolerant machines, now is an opportune time to reflect on how to apply what we have learned thus far and what research needs to be done to realize computational advantage with quantum machines.