Generalized many-body approach for near-field radiative heat transfer between nonspherical dipoles

TL;DR

This paper introduces a generalized many-body approach based on fluctuational electrodynamics for calculating near-field radiative heat transfer between nonspherical dipoles, enabling more accurate and tunable thermal management in complex nanostructures.

Contribution

The paper develops a flexible, Green's function-based many-body method for nonspherical dipoles, including an efficient weak form and application to metamaterials.

Findings

Good agreement with analytical solutions for spheroidal dipoles

Orientation of ellipsoidal dipoles significantly tunes surface phonon resonance

Metamaterials show anisotropic radiative thermal conductivity with directional differences

Abstract

A generalized fluctuational electrodynamics-based many-body approach for calculating near-field radiative heat transfer (NFRHT) between nonspherical dipoles is proposed. The geometric parameters of nonspherical dipoles are implemented in the definition of the self-term of the free-space Green's function. Dipole polarizability is defined a posteriori from the free-space Green's function solution such that polarizability calculation is an optional post-processing step rather than a required input. Both strong and weak forms of the generalized many-body approach are presented. It is shown that the approximate weak form is less computationally expensive but is only applicable to small particles characterized by size parameters less than ~0.24. The generalized many-body method is compared against an analytical solution for NFRHT between two spheroidal dipoles. A good agreement is obtained, and the small discrepancies are ascribed to differences in approximations for multiple reflections. The generalized many-body method is then applied to analyze the near-field spectral conductance between two SiC ellipsoidal dipoles. Results reveal that changes in the orientation of one of the ellipsoidal dipoles lead to active tuning of localized surface phonon resonance by up to three orders of magnitude. Finally, the spectral radiative thermal conductivity of a metamaterial composed of 1000 SiO2 ellipsoidal particles is studied. The metamaterial displays anisotropic radiative thermal conductivity, with resonance values differing by up to a factor of 2.8 between different directions. The generalized many-body model of NFRHT presented in this paper may be used to develop particle-based metamaterials with novel, engineered radiative thermal properties.