Coloring locally sparse graphs

TL;DR

This paper generalizes local sparsity concepts in graphs to include subgraphs isomorphic to a fixed graph F, providing new bounds on chromatic number using the Rödl nibble method, applicable to list and correspondence coloring.

Contribution

It introduces the notion of (k, F)-local sparsity and proves a generalized chromatic bound for such graphs, extending previous results to broader classes of graphs and coloring models.

Findings

Generalized chromatic bound for (k, F)-locally-sparse graphs

Improved bounds for graphs free of certain bipartite subgraphs

Applicable to list and correspondence coloring settings

Abstract

A graph $G$ is $k$-locally sparse if for each vertex $v \in V(G)$, the subgraph induced by its neighborhood contains at most $k$ edges. Alon, Krivelevich, and Sudakov showed that for $f > 0$ if a graph $G$ of maximum degree $\Delta$ is $\Delta^2/f$-locally-sparse, then $\chi(G) = O\left(\Delta/\log f\right)$. We introduce a more general notion of local sparsity by defining graphs $G$ to be $(k, F)$-locally-sparse for some graph $F$ if for each vertex $v \in V(G)$ the subgraph induced by the neighborhood of $v$ contains at most $k$ copies of $F$. Employing the R\"{o}dl nibble method, we prove the following generalization of the above result: for every bipartite graph $F$, if $G$ is $(k, F)$-locally-sparse, then $\chi(G) = O\left( \Delta /\log\left(\Delta k^{-1/|V(F)|}\right)\right)$. This improves upon results of Davies, Kang, Pirot, and Sereni who consider the case when $F$ is a path. Our results also recover the best known bound on $\chi(G)$ when $G$ is $K_{1, t, t}$-free for $t \geq 4$, and hold for list and correspondence coloring in the more general so-called ''color-degree'' setting.