The Interaction Fidelity Model: A Taxonomy to Distinguish the Aspects of Fidelity in Virtual Reality

TL;DR

This paper introduces the Interaction Fidelity Model (IntFi Model), a comprehensive framework for analyzing and distinguishing different aspects of interaction fidelity in virtual reality, extending beyond realism to include various reference interactions.

Contribution

The paper presents a systematic, multi-layered model with clear definitions for eight components of interaction fidelity in VR, reviewed by experts and applicable across diverse VR experiences.

Findings

The IntFi Model clarifies eight distinct components of interaction fidelity.

Expert interviews validated the model's relevance and clarity.

Guidelines and examples facilitate universal application of the model.

Abstract

Fidelity describes how closely a replication resembles the original. It can be helpful to analyze how faithful interactions in virtual reality (VR) are to a reference interaction. In prior research, fidelity has been restricted to the simulation of reality - also called realism. Our definition includes other reference interactions, such as superpowers or fiction. Interaction fidelity is a multilayered concept. Unfortunately, different aspects of fidelity have either not been distinguished in scientific discourse or referred to with inconsistent terminology. Therefore, we present the Interaction Fidelity Model (IntFi Model). Based on the human-computer interaction loop, it systematically covers all stages of VR interactions. The conceptual model establishes a clear structure and precise definitions of eight distinct components. It was reviewed through interviews with fourteen VR experts. We provide guidelines, diverse examples, and educational material to universally apply the IntFi Model to any VR experience. We identify common patterns and propose foundational research opportunities.