Detecting a Fifth-Force Gauge Boson via Superconducting Josephson Junctions

TL;DR

This paper proposes using superconducting Josephson junctions to detect a hypothetical fifth-force gauge boson, Féeton, which could also be a dark matter candidate, especially effective for masses between 0.01 eV and 10 eV.

Contribution

It introduces a novel experimental method to detect a fifth-force gauge boson via quantum phase differences in Josephson junctions, targeting a specific mass range relevant for dark matter.

Findings

Optimal sensitivity for gauge coupling at 0.01 eV to 10 eV mass range.

Potential to explore new physics below millimeter scales.

Provides a new experimental avenue for dark matter detection.

Abstract

A new fifth force between particles carrying $B-L$ charges is well-motivated by the intriguing $U(1)_{B-L}$ extension of the standard model. The gauge boson mediator, F\'eeton, also serves as a dark matter candidate. In this letter, we propose a novel experimental design to detect the quantum phase difference caused by this fifth force using a superconducting Josephson junction. We find that the experiment has the best sensitivity to the gauge coupling when the gauge boson is within the mass range of $0.01\,$eV to $10\,$eV, which is an interesting mass region for the F\'eeton dark matter. This opens up a new avenue for the measurement of new physics at small scale below millimeter.