A Channel to Form Fast-spinning Black Hole-Neutron Star Binary Mergers as Multimessenger Sources. II. Accretion-induced Spin-up

TL;DR

This study explores how super-Eddington accretion in binary systems can produce fast-spinning black hole-neutron star mergers, affecting their electromagnetic signatures and tidal disruption probabilities.

Contribution

It systematically investigates the impact of different accretion limits on BH spin-up and merger observables using MESA simulations, revealing conditions for high-spin BH formation.

Findings

Most BHs cannot be spun up effectively if accretion is limited to  imes ext{Eddington rate}

High BH spins (.5) require low initial mass and rapid accretion at 0 imes ext{Eddington rate}

Higher accretion limits lead to brighter electromagnetic counterparts in BHNS mergers

Abstract

In this work, we investigate an alternative channel for the formation of fast-spinning black hole-neutron star (BHNS) binaries, in which super-Eddington accretion is expected to occur in accreting BHs during the stable mass transfer phase within BH-stripped helium (BH--He-rich) star binary systems. We evolve intensive \texttt{MESA} grids of close-orbit BH--He-rich star systems to systematically explore the projected aligned spins of BHs in BHNS binaries, as well as the impact of different accretion limits on the tidal disruption probability and electromagnetic (EM) signature of BHNS mergers. Most of the BHs in BHNS mergers cannot be effectively spun up through accretion, if the accretion rate is limited to $\lesssim10\,\dot{M}_{\rm Edd}$, where $\dot{M}_{\rm Edd}$ is the standard Eddington accretion limit. In order to reach high spins (e.g., $\chi_{\rm BH} \gtrsim 0.5$), the BHs are required to be born less massive (e.g., $\lesssim3.0\,M_\odot$) in binary systems with initial periods of $\lesssim0.2-0.3\,{\rm days}$ and accrete material at $\sim100\,\dot{M}_{\rm Edd}$. However, even under this high accretion limit, $\gtrsim6\,M_\odot$ BHs are typically challenging to significantly spin up and generate detectable associated EM signals. Our population simulations suggest that different accretion limits have a slight impact on the ratio of tidal disruption events. However, as the accretion limit increases, the EM counterparts from the cosmological BHNS population can become bright overall.