Quantum error mitigation for Fourier moment computation

TL;DR

This paper presents advanced quantum error mitigation techniques for accurately computing Fourier moments of Hamiltonians on superconducting quantum hardware, significantly reducing noise effects and enabling high-precision results.

Contribution

It introduces a novel combination of echo verification, noise renormalization, and error suppression methods tailored for Fourier moment computation on noisy quantum devices.

Findings

Noise strength reduced by two orders of magnitude

High-accuracy results achieved with circuits up to 266 CNOT gates

Effective error mitigation enables reliable Fourier moment calculations

Abstract

Hamiltonian moments in Fourier space - expectation values of the unitary evolution operator under a Hamiltonian at different times - provide a convenient framework to understand quantum systems. They offer insights into the energy distribution, higher-order dynamics, response functions, correlation information and physical properties. This paper focuses on the computation of Fourier moments within the context of a nuclear effective field theory on superconducting quantum hardware. The study integrates echo verification and noise renormalization into Hadamard tests using control reversal gates. These techniques, combined with purification and error suppression methods, effectively address quantum hardware decoherence. The analysis, conducted using noise models, reveals a significant reduction in noise strength by two orders of magnitude. Moreover, quantum circuits involving up to 266 CNOT gates over five qubits demonstrate high accuracy under these methodologies when run on IBM superconducting quantum devices.