Generative AI in EU Law: Liability, Privacy, Intellectual Property, and Cybersecurity

TL;DR

This paper analyzes the legal and regulatory challenges posed by Generative AI and Large Language Models in the EU, focusing on liability, privacy, intellectual property, and cybersecurity, and evaluates existing legislation's adequacy.

Contribution

It critically examines EU legislation regarding Generative AI, identifies gaps, and proposes recommendations for better legal compliance and safety.

Findings

Existing EU laws may be insufficient for Generative AI challenges

Legislative gaps identified in liability and privacy regulations

Recommendations proposed for aligning AI deployment with legal standards

Abstract

The advent of Generative AI, particularly through Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT and its successors, marks a paradigm shift in the AI landscape. Advanced LLMs exhibit multimodality, handling diverse data formats, thereby broadening their application scope. However, the complexity and emergent autonomy of these models introduce challenges in predictability and legal compliance. This paper delves into the legal and regulatory implications of Generative AI and LLMs in the European Union context, analyzing aspects of liability, privacy, intellectual property, and cybersecurity. It critically examines the adequacy of the existing and proposed EU legislation, including the Artificial Intelligence Act (AIA) draft, in addressing the unique challenges posed by Generative AI in general and LLMs in particular. The paper identifies potential gaps and shortcomings in the legislative framework and proposes recommendations to ensure the safe and compliant deployment of generative models, ensuring they align with the EU's evolving digital landscape and legal standards.