NIR spectral classification of the companion in the gamma-ray binary HESS J1832-093 as an O6 V star

TL;DR

This study confirms the companion star in gamma-ray binary HESS J1832-093 as an O6 V type through near-infrared spectroscopy, enhancing understanding of stellar types in such systems.

Contribution

The paper provides the first definitive spectral classification of the companion star in HESS J1832-093 as an O6 V star using VLT/X-Shooter spectra.

Findings

Confirmed the star as an O6 V type.

Estimated the distance as approximately 6.7 kpc.

Supported the trend of gamma-ray binaries having O-type companions.

Abstract

HESS J1832-093 is a member of the rare class of gamma-ray binaries, as recently confirmed by the detection of orbitally modulated X-ray and gamma-ray emission with a period of ~86 d. The spectral type of the massive companion star has been difficult to retrieve as there is no optical counterpart, but the system is coincident with a near-infrared source. Previous results have shown that the infrared counterpart is consistent with an O or B type star, but a clear classification is still lacking. We observed the counterpart twice, in 2019 and 2021, with the X-Shooter spectrograph operating on the VLT. The obtained spectra classify the counterpart as an O6 V type star. We estimate a distance to the source of $6.7 \pm 0.5$ kpc, although this estimate can be severely affected by the high extinction towards the source. This new O6 V classification for the companion star in HESS J1832-093 provides further support to an apparent grouping around a given spectral type for all discovered gamma-ray binaries that contain an O-type star. This may be due to the interplay between the initial mass function and the wind-momentum-luminosity relation.