High-rate and high-fidelity modular interconnects between neutral atom quantum processors

TL;DR

This paper proposes a high-rate, high-fidelity protocol for generating remote entanglement between neutral ytterbium atom qubits using an optical cavity, advancing scalable modular quantum computing.

Contribution

It introduces a novel experimental protocol leveraging a twisted ring cavity and multiple atoms to maximize entanglement rate and fidelity in neutral atom quantum modules.

Findings

Achieves a Bell pair rate of 1.0×10^5 s^-1 with 99.9% fidelity.

Uses a twisted ring cavity to suppress errors and improve entanglement quality.

Provides a scalable approach for modular quantum computing with neutral ytterbium atoms.

Abstract

Quantum links between physically separated modules are important for scaling many quantum computing technologies. The key metrics are the generation rate and fidelity of remote Bell pairs. In this work, we propose an experimental protocol for generating remote entanglement between neutral ytterbium atom qubits using an optical cavity. By loading a large number of atoms into a single cavity, and controlling their coupling using only local light shifts, we amortize the cost of transporting and initializing atoms over many entanglement attempts, maximizing the entanglement generation rate. A twisted ring cavity geometry suppresses many sources of error, allowing high fidelity entanglement generation. We estimate a spin-photon entanglement rate of $5 \times 10^5$ s$^{-1}$, and a Bell pair rate of $1.0\times 10^5$ s$^{-1}$, with an average fidelity near $0.999$. Furthermore, we show that the photon detection times provide a significant amount of soft information about the location of errors, which may be used to improve the logical qubit performance. This approach provides a practical path to scalable modular quantum computing using neutral ytterbium atoms.