Bj{\o}ntegaard Delta (BD): A Tutorial Overview of the Metric, Evolution, Challenges, and Recommendations
Nabajeet Barman, Maria G. Martini, Yuriy Reznik

TL;DR
This paper provides a comprehensive tutorial on the Bj{\
Contribution
It offers a detailed overview of the BD metric's history, its evolution, and systematic evaluation, including recommendations for its effective use and future improvements.
Findings
Evaluation of various BD methods and implementations
Analysis of BD performance with different quality metrics
Recommendations for best practices in BD application
Abstract
The Bj{\o}ntegaard Delta (BD) method proposed in 2001 has become a popular tool for comparing video codec compression efficiency. It was initially proposed to compute bitrate and quality differences between two Rate-Distortion curves using PSNR as a distortion metric. Over the years, many works have calculated and reported BD results using other objective quality metrics such as SSIM, VMAF and, in some cases, even subjective ratings (mean opinion scores). However, the lack of consolidated literature explaining the metric, its evolution over the years, and a systematic evaluation of the same under different test conditions can result in a wrong interpretation of the BD results thus obtained. Towards this end, this paper presents a detailed tutorial describing the BD method and example cases where the metric might fail. We also provide a detailed history of its evolution, including a…
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Taxonomy
TopicsVideo Coding and Compression Technologies · Advanced Data Compression Techniques · Image and Video Quality Assessment
