A horseshoe-shaped ring of diffuse emission detected at 1.4 GHz

TL;DR

This paper reports the discovery of a horseshoe-shaped diffuse radio emission ring at 1.4 GHz associated with galaxy J1407+0453, analyzing its properties, possible origins, and comparing it with similar sources.

Contribution

The study presents the first identification and detailed analysis of a horseshoe-shaped diffuse radio emission ring in J1407+0453, including its spectral and physical characteristics.

Findings

The HSR has a flux density of ~47 mJy at 1400 MHz.

The total source extent is 65 arcsec (160 kpc), with the HSR being about 10 arcsec (25 kpc).

The spectral index of the HSR is -0.67.

Abstract

We identify a horseshoe-shaped ring (HSR) of diffuse emission in J1407+0453 from the Faint Images of Radio Sky at Twenty-cm (FIRST) survey using the Very Large Array telescope. An optical galaxy SDSSJ140709.01+045302.1 is present near the limb of the HSR of J1407+0453, with a spectroscopic redshift of $z=0.13360$. The total extent of the source, including the diffuse emission of J1407+0453, is 65 arcsec (with a physical extent of 160 kpc), whereas the diameter of the HSR is approximately 10 arcsec (25 kpc). The flux density of HSR is $\sim$47 mJy at 1400 MHz whereas the flux densities of whole diffuse emission of J1407+0453 at 1400 MHz and 150 MHz are 172 mJy and 763 mJy, respectively. We measure the radio luminosity of HSR J1407+0453 as 1.94 $\times 10^{24}$ W Hz$^{-1}$ with a spectral index $\alpha_{150}^{1400}=-0.67$. The black hole mass of J1407+0453 is 5.8$\times10^8$ M$_{\odot}$. We compare the HSR of diffuse emission of J1407+0453 with other discovered diffused circular sources. The possible formation scenarios for J1407+0453 are discussed to understand the nature of the source. We present a spectral index map of J1407+0453 to study the spectral properties of the source.