Efficient fault-tolerant implementations of non-Clifford gates with reconfigurable atom arrays

TL;DR

This paper explores how reconfigurable atom arrays can efficiently implement fault-tolerant non-Clifford gates, crucial for scalable universal quantum computing, by leveraging platform-specific features for improved fidelity and efficiency.

Contribution

It introduces novel strategies utilizing reconfigurable atom arrays for fault-tolerant non-Clifford gates, highlighting platform advantages like non-local connectivity and native multi-controlled-Z gates.

Findings

Enhanced fidelity in logical gate implementation

Efficient protocols for magic state distillation

Guidelines for experimental realization of fault-tolerant gates

Abstract

To achieve scalable universal quantum computing, we need to implement a universal set of logical gates fault-tolerantly, for which the main difficulty lies with non-Clifford gates. We demonstrate that several characteristic features of the reconfigurable atom array platform are inherently well-suited for addressing this key challenge, potentially leading to significant advantages in fidelity and efficiency. Specifically, we consider a series of different strategies including magic state distillation, concatenated code array, and fault-tolerant logical multi-controlled-$Z$ gates, leveraging key platform features such as non-local connectivity, parallel gate action, collective mobility, and native multi-controlled-$Z$ gates. Our analysis provides valuable insights into the efficient experimental realization of logical gates, serving as a guide for the full-cycle demonstration of fault-tolerant quantum computation with reconfigurable atom arrays.