Modeling of SCADA and PMU Measurement Chains

TL;DR

This paper analyzes the sources and characteristics of measurement errors in SCADA and PMU systems, providing models and discussions to improve understanding and simulation of these errors for better system testing.

Contribution

It offers detailed models and analysis of measurement error sources in SCADA and PMU chains, aiding realistic error simulation for system testing.

Findings

Measurement errors exhibit non-zero-mean, non-Gaussian, and time-varying characteristics.

Models facilitate realistic error synthesis for simulation and testing.

Detailed equations and figures enhance understanding of measurement error behavior.

Abstract

In this document, the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) and phasor measurement unit (PMU) measurement chain modeling will be studied, where the measurement error sources of each component in the SCADA and PMU measurement chains and the reasons leading to measurement errors exhibiting non-zero-mean, non-Gaussian, and time-varying statistical characteristic are summarized and analyzed. This document provides a few equations, figures, and discussions about the details of the SCADA and PMU measurement error chain modeling, which are intended to facilitate the understanding of how the measurement errors are designed for each component in the SCADA and PMU measurement chains. The measurement chain models described here are also used for synthesizing measurement errors with realistic characteristics in simulation cases to test the developed algorithms or methodologies.