The environmental dependence of Spitzer dusty Supernovae

TL;DR

This study investigates how the environment influences dusty supernovae observed by Spitzer, revealing correlations between dust presence and host galaxy properties such as star formation rate and extinction levels.

Contribution

It provides the first systematic analysis linking environmental factors to dust production in supernovae using integral field spectroscopy data.

Findings

Dusty SNe are more common in high star formation regions.

Occurrence of dusty SNe is less dependent on metallicity.

Host extinction varies widely among dusty SNe.

Abstract

Thanks to the mid-infrared capability offered by Spitzer, systematic searches of dust in SNe have been carried out over the past decade. Studies have revealed the presence of a substantial amount of dust over a broad range of SN subtypes. How normal SNe present mid-IR excess at later time and turn out to be dusty SNe can be affected by several factors, such as mass-loss history and envelope structure of progenitors and their explosion environment. All these can be combined and related to their environmental properties. A systematic analysis of SNe that exploded under a dusty environment could be of critical importance to measure the properties of the dust-veiled exploding stars, and whether such an intense dust production process is associated with the local environment. In this work, we firstly use the IFS data to study the environmental properties of dusty SNe compared to those of normal ones, and analyze correlations between the environmental properties and their dust parameters. We find that dusty SNe have a larger proportion located at higher SFR regions compared to the normal types. The occurrence of dusty SNe is less dependent on metallicity, with the oxygen abundance spanning from subsolar to oversolar metallicity. We also find the host extinction of dusty SNe scatters a lot, with about 40% of dusty SN located at extremely low extinction environments, and another 30% of them with considerably high host extinction of E(B-V)>0.6 mag.