The Stochastic Dynamic Post-Disaster Inventory Allocation Problem with Trucks and UAVs

TL;DR

This paper models a stochastic dynamic relief supply allocation problem using trucks and UAVs, incorporating deprivation costs and uncertainties, and proposes anticipatory solution methods that outperform benchmarks, highlighting UAVs' critical role in early disaster response.

Contribution

It introduces a novel stochastic dynamic relief allocation model with UAVs and deprivation costs, and develops two scalable approximate dynamic programming methods for effective decision-making.

Findings

NN-VFA outperforms other methods in accuracy.

UAV deployment reduces costs and deprivation times significantly.

Considering deprivation costs improves resource allocation.

Abstract

Humanitarian logistics operations face increasing difficulties due to rising demands for aid in disaster areas. This paper investigates the dynamic allocation of scarce relief supplies across multiple affected districts over time. It introduces a novel stochastic dynamic post-disaster inventory allocation problem with trucks and unmanned aerial vehicles delivering relief goods under uncertain supply and demand. The relevance of this humanitarian logistics problem lies in the importance of considering the inter-temporal social impact of deliveries. We achieve this by incorporating deprivation costs when allocating scarce supplies. Furthermore, we consider the inherent uncertainties of disaster areas and the potential use of cargo UAVs to enhance operational efficiency. This study proposes two anticipatory solution methods based on approximate dynamic programming, specifically decomposed linear value function approximation and neural network value function approximation to effectively manage uncertainties in the dynamic allocation process. We compare DL-VFA and NN-VFA with various state-of-the-art methods (exact re-optimization, PPO) and results show a 6-8% improvement compared to the best benchmarks. NN-VFA provides the best performance and captures nonlinearities in the problem, whereas DL-VFA shows excellent scalability against a minor performance loss. The experiments reveal that consideration of deprivation costs results in improved allocation of scarce supplies both across affected districts and over time. Finally, results show that deploying UAVs can play a crucial role in the allocation of relief goods, especially in the first stages after a disaster. The use of UAVs reduces transportation- and deprivation costs together by 16-20% and reduces maximum deprivation times by 19-40%, while maintaining similar levels of demand coverage, showcasing efficient and effective operations.