Accessing the gravitational form factors of the nucleon and nuclei through a massive graviton

TL;DR

This paper proposes using hypothetical massive gravitons in beyond Standard Model physics to measure the gravitational form factors of nucleons and nuclei at future high-energy colliders, a currently inaccessible area.

Contribution

It introduces a novel method to access gravitational form factors via massive gravitons, bridging a gap in experimental hadronic physics.

Findings

Suggests a feasible experimental approach at TeV-scale colliders.

Highlights potential to measure gravitational form factors directly.

Proposes new physics beyond the Standard Model as a tool.

Abstract

In contrast to the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon and nuclei that have been extensively studied in electron scattering, there is no known way to directly measure the gravitational form factors (GFFs), the off-forward hadronic matrix element of the QCD energy-momentum tensor. I suggest exploring the possibility to use massive gravitons in beyond the Standard Model and General Relativity scenarios as a means to access the GFFs of the proton and nuclei at future TeV-scale lepton-ion colliders.