Surface Brightness Properties of LSB Galaxies with the International Liquid Mirror Telescope

TL;DR

This study analyzes the surface brightness and physical properties of over 3,000 low surface brightness galaxies observed with the International Liquid Mirror Telescope, revealing differences between blue and red LSB galaxies.

Contribution

It provides a large sample analysis of LSB galaxies' brightness, size, and color, using data from the International Liquid Mirror Telescope, which is a novel observational approach.

Findings

Median effective radius is 4.7 arcsec.

Median surface brightness within effective radius is 26.1 mag arcsec$^{-2}$.

Blue LSB galaxies are slightly brighter than red ones.

Abstract

Low surface brightness (LSB) galaxies make up a significant fraction of the luminosity density of the local universe. Their low surface brightness suggests a different formation and evolution process compared to more-typical high-surface-brightness galaxies. This study presents an analysis of LSB galaxies found in images obtained by the International Liquid Mirror Telescope during the observation period from October 24 to November 1, 2022. 3,092 LSB galaxies were measured and separated into blue and red LSB categories based on their $g'-i'$ colours. In these samples, the median effective radius is 4.7 arcsec, and the median value of the mean surface brightness within the effective radius is 26.1 mag arcsec$^{-2}$. The blue LSB galaxies are slightly brighter than the red LSB galaxies. No significant difference of ellipticity was found between the blue and the red LSB galaxies.