Including Neutrino-driven Convection into the Force Explosion Condition to Predict Explodability of Multi-dimensional Core-collapse Supernovae (FEC+)

TL;DR

This paper extends an analytic explosion condition for core-collapse supernovae by incorporating neutrino-driven convection, aiming to predict explodability in multi-dimensional simulations more accurately.

Contribution

It introduces the generalized FEC+ condition that includes neutrino-driven convection, improving predictive capability for multi-dimensional CCSN explosions.

Findings

Adding convection reduces the critical condition by ~30%.

FEC+ aligns with multi-dimensional simulation results.

Enhanced understanding of explosion mechanisms.

Abstract

Most massive stars end their lives with core collapse. However, it is not clear which explode as a Core-collapse Supernova (CCSN), leaving behind a neutron star and which collapse to black hole, aborting the explosion. One path to predict explodability without expensive multi-dimensional simulations is to develop analytic explosion conditions. These analytic explosion conditions also provide a deeper understanding of the explosion mechanism and they provide some insight as to why some simulations explode and some do not. The analytic force explosion condition (FEC) reproduces the explosion conditions of spherically symmetric CCSN simulations. In this followup manuscript, we include the dominant multi-dimensional effect that aids explosion, neutrino driven convection, into the FEC. This generalized critical condition (FEC+) is suitable for multi-dimensional simulations and has potential to accurately predict explosion conditions of two- and three-dimensional CCSN simulations. We show that adding neutrino-driven convection reduces the critical condition by $\sim 30\%$, which is consistent with previous multi-dimensional simulations.