Security Considerations in AI-Robotics: A Survey of Current Methods, Challenges, and Opportunities

TL;DR

This survey comprehensively reviews security challenges in AI-Robotics, covering attack surfaces, ethical and legal issues, and human-robot interaction, aiming to guide future research and improve system security.

Contribution

It provides a detailed taxonomy and analysis of security threats, ethical concerns, and HRI issues in AI-Robotics, highlighting areas for future investigation.

Findings

Identification of key attack surfaces and mitigation strategies

Discussion of ethical and legal challenges in AI-Robotics

Analysis of privacy, safety, and trust issues in HRI

Abstract

Robotics and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have been inextricably intertwined since their inception. Today, AI-Robotics systems have become an integral part of our daily lives, from robotic vacuum cleaners to semi-autonomous cars. These systems are built upon three fundamental architectural elements: perception, navigation and planning, and control. However, while the integration of AI-Robotics systems has enhanced the quality our lives, it has also presented a serious problem - these systems are vulnerable to security attacks. The physical components, algorithms, and data that make up AI-Robotics systems can be exploited by malicious actors, potentially leading to dire consequences. Motivated by the need to address the security concerns in AI-Robotics systems, this paper presents a comprehensive survey and taxonomy across three dimensions: attack surfaces, ethical and legal concerns, and Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) security. Our goal is to provide users, developers and other stakeholders with a holistic understanding of these areas to enhance the overall AI-Robotics system security. We begin by surveying potential attack surfaces and provide mitigating defensive strategies. We then delve into ethical issues, such as dependency and psychological impact, as well as the legal concerns regarding accountability for these systems. Besides, emerging trends such as HRI are discussed, considering privacy, integrity, safety, trustworthiness, and explainability concerns. Finally, we present our vision for future research directions in this dynamic and promising field.