The Constraining Capability of BNS Dark Sirens Observed by the LIGO Gravitational Wave Detector on the Hubble Constant

TL;DR

This paper investigates how binary neutron star dark siren gravitational wave observations can constrain the Hubble Constant, demonstrating that individual events and their combination can improve measurement precision.

Contribution

It introduces a simulation-based analysis of dark siren events to estimate their potential in constraining the Hubble Constant, offering a new approach to resolve cosmological discrepancies.

Findings

Single event constrains Hubble Constant with ±0.045 error

Multiple events can significantly improve constraint precision

Dark sirens provide a viable alternative to electromagnetic counterparts

Abstract

The Hubble Constant observed at high redshift and low redshift are inconsistent, representing one of the urgent issues to be resolved in the field of cosmology. The discovery of gravitational waves opens a new window for addressing this problem. For instance, the GW170817 event, through the coordinated observation of electromagnetic and gravitational wave signals, allows for constraints to be imposed from a completely new perspective. However, the number of gravitational wave events where both electromagnetic and gravitational wave signals are observed simultaneously is too small, making it difficult to enhance the precision through statistical methods. In this paper, we use dark sirens as the subjects of study. Through the standard gravitational wave data simulation and the analysis process, we analyze the constraints a typical binary neutron star merger event can place on the Hubble Constant. We simulated a random event and found that it an provide an error of +0.04-0.05 for the Hubble Constant. By combining multiple events, this constraint can be improved.