Efficacy of reduced order source terms for a coupled wave-circulation model in the Gulf of Mexico

TL;DR

This study evaluates the use of simplified source terms in coupled wave-circulation models for hurricanes, balancing computational efficiency against accuracy in predicting wave and water surface parameters in the Gulf of Mexico.

Contribution

It introduces a reduced order source term approach for wave models in coupled simulations, assessing its impact on accuracy and computational cost during hurricanes.

Findings

Reduced source terms significantly decrease computational time.

Low additional error in water surface elevation and wave statistics.

Large variations in wave statistics depending on source term choice.

Abstract

During hurricanes, coupled wave-circulation models are critical tools for public safety. The standard approach is to use a high fidelity circulation model coupled with a wave model which uses the most advanced source terms. As a result, the models can be highly computationally expensive and so this study investigates the potential consequences of using highly simplified (reduced order) source terms within the wave model component of the coupled wave-circulation model. The trade-off between run time and accuracy with respect to observations is quantified for a set of two storms that impacted the Gulf of Mexico, Hurricane Ike and Hurricane Ida. Water surface elevations as well as wave statistics (significant wave height, peak period, and mean wave direction) are compared to observations. The usage of the reduced order source terms yielded significant savings in computational cost. Additionally, relatively low amounts of additional error with respect to observations during the simulations with reduced order source terms. However, large changes in global model outputs of the wave statistics were observed based on the choice of source terms particularly near the track of each hurricane.