Universality of the Neutrino Collisional Flavor Instability in Core Collapse Supernovae

TL;DR

This paper investigates the occurrence of collisional flavor instability (CFI) in core-collapse supernovae, revealing conditions under which CFI can arise and providing a practical method to identify potential CFI regions in supernova models.

Contribution

It demonstrates that CFI occurs in CCSNe and establishes necessary matter property conditions for its occurrence, aiding phenomenological analysis.

Findings

CFI occurs in post-bounce CCSN cores.

Necessary conditions: density $10^{10}$-$10^{12}$ g/cm^3, $Y_e extless 0.4$, $ extless 0.5$ for $ u_e$ degeneracy.

Provides a simple criterion to locate potential CFI regions.

Abstract

Neutrinos are known to undergo flavor conversion processes among the three flavors. The fast flavor conversion (FFC) has been the central piece of flavor conversions taking place in core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) due to its shorter timescale to the completion of flavor conversion compared to other types of flavor conversion. Although the ordinary collisions between neutrinos and matter were once thought to decohere neutrinos and thus damp flavor conversions, it was recently realized that they can also induce the flavor conversion. The linear analysis showed that the so-called collisional flavor instability or CFI occurs in the absence of FFC. In this paper, we investigate if CFI takes place in of the post-bounce core of CCSNe, using the results of spherically symmetric Boltzmann simulations of CCSNe for four progenitor models with different masses. We also provide a necessary (but not sufficient) condition of matter properties for the occurrence of CFI in optically thick and semi-transparent regions; baryon mass density ($\rho$), electron fraction ($Y_e$), and the degeneracy of electron-type neutrinos ($\eta_{\nu_e}$) need to be $10^{10} {\rm g/cm^3} \lesssim \rho \lesssim 10^{12} {\rm g/cm^3}$, $Y_e\lesssim 0.4$, and $\eta_{\nu_e} \lesssim 0.5$, respectively. This condition allows us to easily locate the place of possible CFI occurence without detailed stability analyses, which is useful for analyzing CFI in CCSN models phenomenologically