NISQ Computers: A Path to Quantum Supremacy

TL;DR

This paper reviews recent progress in NISQ quantum computers, highlighting milestones towards quantum supremacy, analyzing key experiments, and exploring the future impact of applied quantum computing across various fields.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive review of quantum supremacy experiments and discusses recent advancements and future prospects in applied quantum computing.

Findings

Quantum supremacy has been achieved in NISQ devices.

Recent hardware and architectural advancements have accelerated progress.

Applied quantum research is expanding across scientific and industrial domains.

Abstract

The quest for quantum advantage, wherein quantum computers surpass the computational capabilities of classical computers executing state-of-the-art algorithms on well-defined tasks, represents a pivotal race in the domain of quantum computing. NISQ (Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum) computing has witnessed remarkable advancements, culminating in significant milestones on the journey towards the realization of universal fault-tolerant quantum computers. This transformative turning point, known as quantum supremacy, has been achieved amid a series of breakthroughs, signifying the dawn of the quantum era. Quantum hardware has undergone substantial integration and architectural evolution, contrasting with its nascent stages. In this review, we critically examine the quantum supremacy experiments conducted thus far, shedding light on their implications and contributions to the evolving landscape of quantum computing. Additionally, we endeavor to illuminate a range of cutting-edge proof-of-principle investigations in the realm of applied quantum computing, providing an insightful overview of the current state of applied quantum research and its prospective influence across diverse scientific, industrial, and technological frontiers.