Power Spectrum in the Chaotic Regime of Axionic Blue Isocurvature Perturbations

TL;DR

This paper derives analytic formulas for the chaotic, resonant power spectrum of axionic blue isocurvature perturbations during inflation, highlighting nonlinear effects and a duality symmetry that influence the spectrum's shape.

Contribution

It introduces new analytic expressions for the axionic isocurvature spectrum in a nonlinear, resonant regime, expanding understanding of its chaotic behavior during inflation.

Findings

Resonant behavior causes chaos in the isocurvature spectrum.

Analytic formulas account for nonlinear potential effects.

Duality symmetry links perturbation and background equations.

Abstract

Large blue tilted spectral index axionic isocurvature perturbations can be produced when the axion sector is far out of equilibrium during inflation through an initial Peccei-Quinn (PQ) symmetry breaking field displacement along a nearly flat direction in the effective potential. As a companion to a previous work, we present analytic formulae for the blue isocurvature spectrum for the case of the kinetic energy density of the PQ symmetry breaking field being larger than the quartic power of the final spontaneous PQ symmetry breaking scale. It corresponds to a regime in which the nonlinearities of the classical potential become important many times during the formation of the axion isocurvature quantum perturbations leading to interesting resonant behavior. One consequence of this nonlinearity-driven resonance is the chaotic nature of the map that links the underlying Lagrangian parameters to the isocurvature amplitudes. We point out an accidental duality symmetry between the perturbation equations and the background field equations that can be used to understand this. Finally, we present two types of analytic results. The first relies on a computation utilizing an effective potential wherein fast time scale fluctuations have been integrated out. The second is grounded in a functional ansatz, requiring only a limited set of fitting parameters. Both analytic results should be useful for carrying out forecasts and fits to the data.