End-to-end numerical modeling of the Roman Space Telescope coronagraph

TL;DR

This paper presents comprehensive end-to-end numerical modeling of the Roman Space Telescope's coronagraph, detailing the simulation of its components, wavefront control, and diffraction to support exoplanet detection.

Contribution

It provides a detailed simulation framework for the Roman Space Telescope's coronagraph, integrating flight component data and modeling techniques for future mission planning.

Findings

Validated the coronagraph's performance through detailed simulations

Demonstrated effective wavefront control methods

Established a modeling foundation for future space-based coronagraphs

Abstract

The Roman Space Telescope will have the first advanced coronagraph in space, with deformable mirrors for wavefront control, low-order wavefront sensing and maintenance, and a photon-counting detector. It is expected to be able to detect and characterize mature, giant exoplanets in reflected visible light. Over the past decade the performance of the coronagraph in its flight environment has been simulated with increasingly detailed diffraction and structural/thermal finite element modeling. With the instrument now being integrated in preparation for launch within the next few years, the present state of the end-to-end modeling is described, including the measured flight components such as deformable mirrors. The coronagraphic modes are thoroughly described, including characteristics most readily derived from modeling. The methods for diffraction propagation, wavefront control, and structural and thermal finite-element modeling are detailed. The techniques and procedures developed for the instrument will serve as a foundation for future coronagraphic missions such as the Habitable Worlds Observatory.