Quantum computer-enabled receivers for optical communication

TL;DR

This paper proposes a quantum receiver for optical communication that uses optomechanical transduction and variational quantum circuits to outperform classical detection methods, even considering real-world noise and current quantum hardware limitations.

Contribution

It introduces a novel quantum detection scheme combining optomechanical transduction with variational quantum circuits, demonstrating potential quantum advantage in optical communication.

Findings

Quantum advantage demonstrated with modeled transduction including noise and loss.

Trained quantum circuits outperform classical receivers in error probability.

Implementation feasible on current noisy quantum hardware.

Abstract

Optical communication is the standard for high-bandwidth information transfer in today's digital age. The increasing demand for bandwidth has led to the maturation of coherent transceivers that use phase- and amplitude-modulated optical signals to encode more bits of information per transmitted pulse. Such encoding schemes achieve higher information density, but also require more complicated receivers to discriminate the signaling states. In fact, achieving the ultimate limit of optical communication capacity, especially in the low light regime, requires coherent joint detection of multiple pulses. Despite their superiority, such joint detection receivers are not in widespread use because of the difficulty of constructing them in the optical domain. In this work we describe how optomechanical transduction of phase information from coherent optical pulses to superconducting qubit states followed by the execution of trained short-depth variational quantum circuits can perform joint detection of communication codewords with error probabilities that surpass all classical, individual pulse detection receivers. Importantly, we utilize a model of optomechanical transduction that captures non-idealities such as thermal noise and loss in order to understand the transduction performance necessary to achieve a quantum advantage with such a scheme. We also execute the trained variational circuits on an IBM-Q device with the modeled transduced states as input to demonstrate that a quantum advantage is possible even with current levels of quantum computing hardware noise.