Holographic massive plasma state in Friedman Universe: cosmological fine-tuning and coincidence problems

TL;DR

This paper proposes a holographic massive plasma model in the Friedman Universe that offers potential solutions to the cosmological fine-tuning and coincidence problems by describing the dynamic interaction between dark energy, matter, and radiation.

Contribution

It introduces a novel holographic plasma framework that models the interaction of dark energy with matter and radiation through differential equations, providing new insights into cosmological evolution.

Findings

Unique solutions for energy densities based on observational initial conditions.

Dark energy density decreases during inflation and reheating, converting to matter and radiation.

Model aligns with and extends standard cosmological models like ΛCDM, addressing fine-tuning issues.

Abstract

Massive particle and antiparticle pair production and oscillation on the horizon form a holographic and massive pair plasma state in the Friedman Universe. Via this state, the Einstein cosmology term (dark energy) interacts with matter and radiation and is time-varying $\tilde\Lambda$ in the Universe's evolution. It is determined by a close set of ordinary differential equations for dark energy, matter, and radiation energy densities. The solutions are unique, provided the initial conditions given by observations. In inflation and reheating, dark energy density decreases from the inflation scale, converting to matter and radiation energy densities. In standard cosmology, matter and radiation energy densities convert to dark energy density, reaching the present Universe. By comparing with $\Lambda$CDM, quintessence and dark energy interacting models, we show that these results can be the possible solutions for cosmological fine-tuning and coincidence problems.