Joint searches by FACT, H.E.S.S., MAGIC and VERITAS for VHE gamma-ray emission associated with neutrinos detected by IceCube
Fabian Sch\"ussler, Halim Ashkar, Elisa Bernardini, Alessio Berti,, Federica Bradascio, Sara Buson, Daniela Dorner, Weidong Jin, Gasper Kukec, Mezek, Marcos Santander, Konstancja Satalecka, Bernd Schleicher, Mohanraj, Senniappan, Ilaria Viale

TL;DR
This paper reports on joint efforts by major gamma-ray observatories to search for electromagnetic counterparts to high-energy neutrino events detected by IceCube, aiming to identify astrophysical sources of neutrinos.
Contribution
It presents the combined analysis of VHE gamma-ray observations from FACT, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS in response to IceCube neutrino alerts, detailing follow-up strategies and results.
Findings
No significant gamma-ray counterparts detected.
Established multi-instrument follow-up protocols.
Provided constraints on potential neutrino source models.
Abstract
The sources of the astrophysical flux of high-energy neutrinos detected by IceCube are still largely unknown, but searches for temporal and spatial correlation between neutrinos and electromagnetic radiation are a promising approach in this endeavor. All major imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) - FACT, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS - operate an active follow-up program of target-of-opportunity observations of neutrino alerts issued by IceCube. These programs use several complementary neutrino alert streams. A publicly distributed alert stream is formed by individual high-energy neutrino candidate events of potentially astrophysical origin, such as IceCube-170922A (which could be linked to the flaring blazar TXS\,0506+056). A privately distributed alert stream is formed by clusters of neutrino events in time and space around either pre-selected gamma-ray sources or anywhere…
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