Evaluation and Analysis of Standard Security Technology in V2X Communication -- Exploring ECQV Implicit Certificate Cracking

TL;DR

This paper evaluates the efficiency of ECC-based security algorithms in V2X communication standards, analyzes ECQV implicit certificates, and models the risk of their cracking to improve security practices.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive analysis of ECQV implicit certificates, including their cryptographic properties and cracking probabilities, with suggestions for enhancing security.

Findings

ECQV implicit certificates can be cracked under certain conditions

Mathematical models estimate the probability of ECQV cracking

Efficiency analysis of ECC algorithms in V2X standards

Abstract

In IEEE 1609.2 and IEEE 1609.2.1 standards for Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) secure communication, various security algorithms based on Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) have been adopted and designed. To enhance the efficiency of the Security Credential Management System (SCMS), this study evaluates the computational time for key generation, key expansion, signature generation, and signature verification under different security strengths. This study discusses relevant techniques based on Elliptic Curve Qu-Vanstone (ECQV) implicit certificates, analyzes the length of uncompressed elliptic curve points, compressed elliptic curve points, explicit certificates, and implicit certificates. Furthermore, this study proposes mathematical models to demonstrate the probability of ECQV cracking and provides suggestions for mitigating ECQV cracking risks.