Deep Learning for Optimization of Trajectories for Quadrotors

TL;DR

This paper introduces a deep learning framework that efficiently generates optimal quadrotor trajectories by combining model-based optimization with neural networks, enabling real-time navigation in complex environments.

Contribution

It presents a novel learning-based trajectory planning method that integrates quadratic programming with neural networks and implicit layers for real-time quadrotor navigation.

Findings

Real-time trajectory generation in cluttered environments

High success rate in simulation and experiments

Efficient training with penalty functions and sequence flexibility

Abstract

This paper presents a novel learning-based trajectory planning framework for quadrotors that combines model-based optimization techniques with deep learning. Specifically, we formulate the trajectory optimization problem as a quadratic programming (QP) problem with dynamic and collision-free constraints using piecewise trajectory segments through safe flight corridors [1]. We train neural networks to directly learn the time allocation for each segment to generate optimal smooth and fast trajectories. Furthermore, the constrained optimization problem is applied as a separate implicit layer for backpropagation in the network, for which the differential loss function can be obtained. We introduce an additional penalty function to penalize time allocations which result in solutions that violate the constraints to accelerate the training process and increase the success rate of the original optimization problem. To this end, we enable a flexible number of sequences of piece-wise trajectories by adding an extra end-of-sentence token during training. We illustrate the performance of the proposed method via extensive simulation and experimentation and show that it works in real time in diverse, cluttered environments.