Density engineering via inter-condensate dipole-dipole interactions

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates how inter-condensate dipole-dipole interactions can be used to engineer and control the density profiles of dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates, enabling the creation of complex ground state structures.

Contribution

It introduces a method to manipulate target condensate density using control condensates through long-range dipole interactions, revealing new structural phases.

Findings

Density of target condensate can be axially confined by control condensates.

Increasing control condensates induces exotic ground state patterns.

Structural transition between single and double-peaked states controlled by condensate separation.

Abstract

We study the effect of inter-condensate dipole-dipole interactions in a setup consisting of physically disconnected, single-species dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates. In particular, making use of the long-range and anisotropic nature of dipole-dipole interactions, we show that the density of a {\em target} dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate can be axially confined and engineered using a trapped {\em control} dipolar condensate. Increasing the number of control condensates leads to exotic ground state structures, including periodic patterns in the target condensate. The latter leads to a structural transition between single and double-peaked structures with coherence between the peaks controlled via the separation between the control condensates.