The effect of gravitational decoupling on constraining the mass and radius for the secondary component of GW190814 and other self-bound strange stars in f(Q)-gravity theory

TL;DR

This paper models compact objects within $f( ext{ extbf{Q}})$ gravity using gravitational decoupling and a quadratic EOS, successfully explaining the mass-radius characteristics of objects like the secondary of GW190814.

Contribution

It introduces a novel application of gravitational decoupling in $f( ext{ extbf{Q}})$ gravity with a quadratic EOS to model diverse compact stars, including the GW190814 secondary.

Findings

Models can produce masses beyond 2.0 M_{ ext{sun}} for neutron stars.

Quadratic EOS is most effective for describing a range of stellar objects.

Results align with observational data for multiple compact stars.

Abstract

Inspired by the conundrum of the gravitational event, GW190814 which brings to light the coalescence of a 23 $ M_{\odot}$ black hole with a yet to be determined secondary component, we look to modelling compact objects within the framework of $f(\mathcal{Q})$ gravity by employing the method of gravitational decoupling. We impose a quadratic equation of state (EOS) for the interior matter distribution which in the appropriate limit reduces to the MIT bag model. The governing field equations arising from gravitational decoupling bifurcates into the $\rho=\theta^0_0$ and $p_r=\theta^1_1$ sectors leading to two distinct classes of solutions. Both families of solutions are subjected to rigorous tests qualifying them to describe a plethora of compact objects including neutron stars, strange stars and the possible progenitor of the secondary component of GW190814. Using observational data of mass-radius relations for compact objects LMC X-4, Cen X-3, PSR J1614-2230 and PSR J0740+6620 we show that it is possible to generate stellar masses and radii beyond 2.0 $ M_{\odot}$ for neutron stars. Our findings reveal that the most { suitable and versatile model in this framework is the quadratic EOS}, which accounts for a range of low mass stars as well as typical stellar candidates describing the secondary component of GW190814.