The contribution and FIP bias of three types of materials inside ICMEs associated with different flare intensities

TL;DR

This study analyzes the origin, composition, and FIP bias of materials inside ICMEs associated with different flare intensities, revealing how flare strength influences material contributions and their FIP bias characteristics.

Contribution

It provides a comparative analysis of three types of ICME materials and their FIP bias variations with flare intensities, highlighting the influence of flare strength on ICME composition.

Findings

Speeds and scales of ICMEs increase with flare intensities.

Proportion of chromospheric-evaporation-materials is dominant in strong flares.

FIP bias of chromospheric-evaporation-materials is higher and increases with flare intensity.

Abstract

The studies on the origination and generation mechanisms of ICME materials are crucial for understanding the connection between CMEs and flares. The materials inside ICMEs can be classified into three types, coming from corona directly (corona-materials), heated by magnetic reconnection in corona (heated-corona-materials), and generated by chromospheric evaporation (chromospheric-evaporation-materials). Here, the contribution and First Ionization Potential (FIP) bias of three types of materials inside ICMEs associated with different flare intensities are analyzed and compared. We find that the speeds and scales of near-Earth ICMEs both increase with flare intensities. The proportions of heated-corona-materials are nearly constant with flare intensities. The contributions of corona-materials (chromospheric-evaporation-materials) are significantly decreased (increased) with flare intensities. More than two-thirds of materials are chromospheric-evaporation-materials for ICMEs associated with strong flares. The FIP bias of corona-materials and heated-corona-materials is almost the same. The FIP bias of chromospheric-evaporation-materials is significantly higher than that of corona-materials and heated-corona-materials, and it is increased with flare intensities. The above characteristics of FIP bias can be explained reasonably by the origination and generation mechanisms of three types of ICME materials. The present study demonstrates that the origination and generation mechanisms of ICME materials are significantly influenced by flare intensities. The reasons for the elevation of FIP bias, if ICMEs are regarded as a whole, are that the FIP bias of chromospheric-evaporation-materials is much higher, and the chromospheric-evaporation-materials contributed significantly to the ICMEs which associated with strong flares.