Higher Order Nyquist Zone Sampling with RFSoC Data Converters for Astronomical and High Energy Physics Readout Systems

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the use of RFSoC data converters operating in higher Nyquist zones to extend frequency coverage for astronomical and high-energy physics readout systems, with characterization results showing promising performance in 4-6 GHz.

Contribution

It introduces a method for characterizing RFSoC data converters in higher Nyquist zones for advanced scientific instrumentation applications.

Findings

Data converters operate effectively in 4-6 GHz bandwidth.

Two-tone and comb of tones tests show acceptable inter-modulation distortion.

Results meet the requirements for astronomical and physics readout systems.

Abstract

From generation to generation, the maximum RF frequency and sampling rate of the integrated data converters in RF system-on-chip (RFSoC) family devices from Xilinx increases significantly. With the integrated digital mixers and up and down conversion blocks in the datapaths of the data converters, those RFSoC devices offer the capability for implementing a full readout system of ground and space-based telescopes and detectors across the electromagnetic spectrum within the devices with minimum or no analog mixing circuit. In this paper, we present the characterization results for the the data converters sampling at higher orders of Nyquist zones to extend the frequency range covered for our targeted readout systems of microwave-frequency resonator-based cryogenic detector and multiplexer systems and other astronomical and high-energy physics instrumentation applications, such as, axion search and dark matter detection. The initial evaluation of the data converters operating higher order Nyquist zones covers two-tones and comb of tones tests to address the concerns in the RF inter-modulation distortion, which is the key performance index for our targeted applications. The characterization of the data converters is performed in the bandwidth of 4-6 GHz and results meet our requirements. The settings and operating strategies of the data converters for our targeted applications will be summarised.