Spectroscopic Searches for Evolutionary Orbital Period Changes in WR+OB Binaries: the case of V444 Cyg

TL;DR

This study combines new and archival spectroscopic and photometric data to analyze the orbital period evolution of the WR+OB binary V444 Cyg, estimating stellar masses, orbital parameters, and wind mass-loss rates.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed analysis of orbital period change in V444 Cyg using combined spectroscopic and photometric data, and estimates the stellar wind mass-loss rate.

Findings

Secular orbital period increase rate dP/dt ≈ 0.14 s/yr

Stellar wind mass-loss rate from WR star is approximately 6.0 x 10^-6 M_Sun/yr

Component masses are M_O6 = 26.4 M_Sun and M_WN5 = 10.7 M_Sun

Abstract

We present the results of new photometric and spectroscopic observations of WN5+O6 binary V444 Cyg and a detailed analysis of extant spectroscopy and photometry. Using elements of the spectroscopic orbit and assuming e = 0, i = 78{\deg} we determined the masses and orbit sizes of the components of V444 Cyg M_O6 = 26.4 M_Sun, M_WN5 = 10.7 M_Sun, a_O6 = 10.6 R_Sun, a_WN5 = 26.1 R_Sun. Based on new and archival light curves and by applying the Hertzsprung method, we improved the photometrical estimate of secular increase rate of the orbital period in V444 Cyg dP/dt_ph = 0.119+-0.003 s/yr. From the comparison of the new and archival radial velocity curves of V444 Cyg we independently derived the secular orbital period change rate dP/dt_sp = 0.147+-0.032 s/yr, in agreement with the photometrical dP/dt_ph. The obtained secular increase rate of the binary orbital period dP/dt and the mean radii of the components enabled us to estimate the stellar wind mass-loss rate from WR star dM/dt_WN5 = -(6.0+-0.4)*10^-6 M_Sun/yr.