Wideband High Gain Metasurface-Based 4T4R MIMO antenna with Highly Isolated Ports for Sub-6 GHz 5G Applications

TL;DR

This paper introduces a wideband, high-gain metasurface-based 4T4R MIMO antenna with highly isolated ports, suitable for sub-6 GHz 5G applications, demonstrating excellent performance through simulations and prototype measurements.

Contribution

It presents a novel metasurface-based 4T4R MIMO antenna design with enhanced isolation and wideband performance for 5G, validated by simulation and experimental results.

Findings

Achieves 6.2 to 11.6 dBi gain across 2.7-4.9 GHz

Isolation below -23 dB over the operating band

Envelope correlation coefficient near zero, indicating good diversity performance

Abstract

This study presents the design of four $178\times178$ $(mm)^{2}$ wideband, high gain, highly efficient metasurface-based 4T4R MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) antennas with highly isolated ports, covering the middle and a portion of the upper bands of the sub 6 GHz 5G frequency spectrum for 5G-based systems, such as IoT (Internet of Things) applications, vehicular communications (e.g., rooftop antennas of cars or trains), smart industries (e.g., farms and factories). The radiating elements of these antennas use the aperture-coupled feeding technique with a dumbbell-shaped slot, a truncated square patch with two U-shaped slots, and a metasurface layer. The proposed MIMO structures place four identical radiating elements like a $2\times2$ matrix with $90^\circ$ successive rotations to produce orthogonal electromagnetic waves, improving the isolation between ports. Six-millimeter spaces are added between these elements, and two vertical and horizontal strip slots are carved on the ground as the decoupling structure to decrease the mutual coupling. Simulation results show that Antenna\_{1}, Antenna\_{2}, and Antenna\_{3} achieve gain values of 6.2 to 9.4 dBi, 8.2 to 11.6 dBi, 6.2 to 9.5 dBi, below -35, -25, and -33 isolation and almost 10 dB diversity gain from 2.8 to 4.7 GHz, 2.8 to 4.5 GHz, and 2.7 to 4.9 GHz, respectively. As a prototype, Antenna\_{4} is manufactured, and measurements are performed. It achieves 6.28 to 10.45 dBi gain values, below -23 dB isolation, and 0.001 envelope correlation coefficient over 2.7 to 4.3 GHz. The results confirm that the proposed MIMO antennas are compatible with the 5G essential requisites.