Holographic description of the dissipative unified dark fluid model with axion field

TL;DR

This paper extends an axion F(R) gravity model by applying the holographic principle with bulk viscosity to unify the description of early and late-time universe evolution.

Contribution

It introduces a viscous holographic dark energy model within an extended axion F(R) gravity framework to describe the universe's evolution from early to late times.

Findings

Derived analytical expressions for infrared cutoffs in terms of the particle horizon.

Provided a unified holographic description of the universe's evolution with axion matter.

Explored various bulk viscosity forms affecting cosmic dynamics.

Abstract

In this article we extend an axion F(R) gravity model, and apply the holographic principle to describe in a unifying manner the early and the late-time universe when the general equation of state (EoS) contains a bulk viscosity. We assume a spatially flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe model. We use a description based on the generalized infrared-cutoff holographic dark energy proposed by Nojiri and Odintsov (2006, 2017), and explore the evolution of the universe when the EoS describes the asymptotic behavior between the dust in the early universe and the late universe. We explore various forms of the bulk viscosity, and calculate analytical expressions for the infrared cutoffs in terms of the particle horizon. In this way we obtain a unifying description of the early and the late-time universe in the presence of axion matter, via a viscous holographic fluid model.