Suppression of the multiplicity fluctuations in particle correlations

TL;DR

This paper presents a normalization method to suppress multiplicity fluctuations in particle correlation measurements, enabling clearer analysis of intrinsic correlations in heavy-ion collision data.

Contribution

It introduces a normalization scheme that effectively removes multiplicity fluctuations, aligning with multi-particle correlators and improving data analysis in heavy-ion physics.

Findings

Normalized correlations are less affected by multiplicity fluctuations.

Monte Carlo simulations confirm the effectiveness of the normalization.

The method aligns with Q-vector based multi-particle correlators.

Abstract

Multiplicity fluctuations play a crucial role in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. In this work, we explore how the multiplicity fluctuations can be effectively suppressed in the measurement of particle correlations. In particular, through proper normalization, particle correlations can be evaluated in a manner irrelevant to multiplicity. When the multiplicity fluctuations are adequately extracted, Monte Carlo simulations show that the remaining correlations possess distinct features buried in the otherwise overwhelming fluctuations. Moreover, we argue that such a normalization scheme naturally agrees with the multi-particle correlator, which can be evaluated using the Q-vectors. The implications of the present study in the data analysis are also addressed.