Low-noise amplifier cryogenic testbed validation in a TaaS (Testing-as-a-Service) framework

TL;DR

This paper validates a Testing-as-a-Service framework for cryogenic microwave components, specifically low-noise amplifiers, to support scalable quantum computing development through standardized testing protocols and a specialized cryogenic testbed.

Contribution

It introduces a scalable TaaS model for cryogenic component qualification, including standardized test metrics, protocols, and a dedicated cryogenic testbed for LNAs in quantum computing.

Findings

Testbed successfully reproduces known LNA parameters.

Cryogenic LNA prototype characterized using the testbed.

Framework extends to testing various cryogenic components at scale.

Abstract

As quantum computers based on superconducting qubit processors scale, cryogenic microwave components in the qubit control and readout chain must be appropriately tested and qualified to ensure consistent and high-fidelity quantum computation. However, the intersection of superconducting cryogenics and microwave electronics is a new domain with limited technical and commercial expertise. In this paper we validate a TaaS (testing-as-a-service) framework using an organizational workgroup model that consists of (1) a commercial Test House, (2) standard temperature Component Manufacturer, (3) Academic Partner, and (4) System Integrator to demonstrate a scalable model for the qualification of cryogenic microwave components. The goal of this model is to secure the supply chain and support the rapid growth of Quantum Computing (QC) technologies. The component test vehicle presented in this paper is a low-noise amplifier (LNA) which is a crucial component in the cryogenic chain to ensure adequate signal-to-noise of the qubit readout. We devise standard test metrics and protocols by which LNA performance is measured, including key parameters such as gain and flatness, reflection and isolation, operating bandwidth, and noise figure. We present details of the cryogenic testbed customized for LNA qualification, outline test methodologies, and present a suite of standard processes that are used to systematize data collation and reporting. The testbed is validated by reproducing parameters of a pre-characterized LNA. Its value is demonstrated by characterizing a proof-of-concept cryogenic LNA prototype. Finally, we describe the extension of our TaaS framework toward testing at scale for various active and passive cryogenic components used in QC.