Doppler confirmation of TESS planet candidate TOI1408.01: grazing transit and likely eccentric orbit

TL;DR

This study confirms the existence of a hot Jupiter orbiting TOI-1408 using Doppler spectroscopy, revealing a grazing transit and an eccentric orbit, with implications for planetary migration and system dynamics.

Contribution

First Doppler confirmation of TOI-1408.01, providing detailed orbital and physical parameters, and highlighting the grazing transit degeneracy affecting radius estimates.

Findings

Planet mass of 1.69±0.20 M_Jup

Orbital eccentricity of 0.259±0.026

Likely high tidal eccentricity migration or unseen companions

Abstract

We report an independent Doppler confirmation of the TESS planet candidate orbiting an F-type main sequence star TOI-1408 located 140 pc away. We present a set of radial velocities obtained with a high-resolution fiber-optic spectrograph FFOREST mounted at the SAO RAS 6-m telescope (BTA-6). Our self-consistent analysis of these Doppler data and TESS photometry suggests a grazing transit such that the planet obscures its host star by only a portion of the visible disc. Because of this degeneracy, the radius of TOI-1408.01 appears ill-determined with lower limit about $\sim$1 R$_{\rm Jup}$, significantly larger than in the current TESS solution. We also derive the planet mass of $1.69\pm0.20$~$M_{\rm Jup}$ and the orbital period $\sim4.425$ days, thus making this object a typical hot Jupiter, but with a significant orbital eccentricity of $0.259\pm0.026$. Our solution may suggest the planet is likely to experience a high tidal eccentricity migration at the stage of intense orbital rounding, or may indicate possible presence of other unseen companions in the system, yet to be detected.