Production of doubly charmed hadron $\Xi_{cc}^{++}$ and $T_{cc}^+$ in relativistic heavy ion collisions

TL;DR

This paper investigates the production mechanisms of doubly charmed hadrons $T_{cc}^+$ and $\\Xi_{cc}^{++}$ in relativistic heavy ion collisions, using a combined Langevin and coalescence model to understand their formation and properties.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach combining Langevin dynamics with the Instantaneous Coalescence Model to study exotic doubly charmed hadron production in heavy ion collisions.

Findings

$T_{cc}^+$ production varies by an order of magnitude with different wave function widths.

The study provides insights into the binding energy and structure of $T_{cc}^+$.

Comparison of $T_{cc}^+$ and $\\Xi_{cc}^{++}$ production enhances understanding of charm hadronization.

Abstract

Heavy ion collisions provide a unique opportunity for studying the properties of exotic hadrons with two charm quarks. The production of $T_{cc}^+$ is significantly enhanced in nuclear collisions compared to proton-proton collisions due to the creation of multiple charm pairs. In this study, we employ the Langevin equation in combination with the Instantaneous Coalescence Model (LICM) to investigate the production of $T_{cc}^+$ and $\Xi_{cc}^{++}$ which consists of two charm quarks. We consider $T_{cc}^+$ as molecular states composed of $D$ and $D^*$ mesons. The Langevin equation is used to calculate the energy loss of charm quarks and $D$ mesons in the hot medium. The hadronization process, where charm quarks transform into each $D$ state as constituents of $T_{cc}^+$ production, is described using the coalescence model. The coalescence probability between $D$ and $D^*$ is determined by the Wigner function, which encodes the information of the $T_{cc}^+$ wave function. Our results show that the $T_{cc}^+$ production varies by approximately one order of magnitude when different widths in the Wigner function, representing distinct binding energies of $T_{cc}^+$, are considered. This variation offers valuable insights into the nature of $T_{cc}^+$ through the analysis of its wave function. The $\Xi_{cc}^{++}$ is treated as a hadronic state produced at the hadronization of the deconfined matter. Its production is also calculated as a comparison with the molecular state $T_{cc}^+$.