Impact of dark energy on the equation of state in light of the latest cosmological data

TL;DR

This study reconstructs the dark energy equation of state using recent cosmological data, confirming the accelerated expansion of the universe and providing insights into dark energy's properties within the framework of General Relativity.

Contribution

It presents a comprehensive reconstruction of the dark energy equation of state using multiple datasets and MCMC analysis, offering updated constraints consistent with an accelerating universe.

Findings

Cosmological parameters align with an accelerating universe.

Dark energy EoS behavior is consistent with current models.

Results support the dark energy paradigm within GR.

Abstract

We reconstruct the effective Equation of State (EoS) within the framework of General Relativity (GR) theory in a homogeneous and isotropic FLRW Universe, which is assumed to be composed of matter and Dark Energy (DE). Our analysis employs a dataset consisting of 31 Cosmic Chronometer (CC) data points, six data points of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO), and 1048 Type Ia Supernovae (SN) from the Pantheon sample, and we determine the best-fit values of the model parameters through Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation. We then use these parameter values to calculate various cosmological parameters, such as the DE EoS parameter, the energy density, the deceleration parameter, the state finder parameters, and the $Om(z)$ diagnostic. All the analyzed cosmological parameters show behavior consistent with the accelerated Universe scenario.