Emergent self-duality in long range critical spin chain: from deconfined criticality to first order transition

TL;DR

This paper uses large-scale simulations to show that long-range interactions in a critical spin chain cause a transition from deconfined criticality to a first-order transition, with emergent self-duality and symmetry.

Contribution

It demonstrates that long-range interactions induce a shift from continuous to first-order phase transitions and reveals emergent self-duality at these critical points.

Findings

Long-range interactions drive the transition from deconfined criticality to first-order.

Emergent self-duality appears at the first-order critical points.

The results have implications for Rydberg atom quantum simulators.

Abstract

Over the past few decades, tremendous efforts have been devoted to understanding self-duality at the quantum critical point, which enlarges the global symmetry and constrains the dynamics. In this letter, we employ large-scale density matrix renormalization group simulations to investigate the critical spin chain with long-range interaction $V(r) \sim 1/r^{\alpha}$. Remarkably, we reveal that the long-range interaction drives the deconfined criticality towards a first-order phase transition as $\alpha$ decreases. More strikingly, the emergent self-duality leads to an emergent symmetry and manifests at these first-order critical points. This discovery is reminiscent of self-duality protected multicritical points and provides the example of the critical line with generalized symmetry. Our work has far-reaching implications for ongoing experimental efforts in Rydberg atom quantum simulators.