Influence of star-forming galaxy selection on the galaxy main sequence

TL;DR

This study compares how different methods of selecting star-forming galaxies affect the observed properties and evolution of the galaxy main sequence across redshifts $0.5 extless z extless 1.2$, revealing method-dependent features.

Contribution

It systematically analyzes the impact of seven star-forming galaxy selection methods on the galaxy main sequence and its evolution, highlighting the influence of selection criteria on observed features.

Findings

Slopes of the main sequence remain constant or increase with redshift.

Most samples show no high-mass turn-over at any redshift.

The scatter around the main sequence is lower than 0.3 dex.

Abstract

This work aims to determine how the galaxy main sequence (MS) changes using seven different commonly used methods to select the star-forming galaxies within VIPERS data over $0.5 \leq z < 1.2$. The form and redshift evolution of the MS will then be compared between selection methods. The star-forming galaxies were selected using widely known methods: a specific star-formation rate (sSFR), Baldwin, Phillips and Terlevich (BPT) diagram, 4000\AA\ spectral break (D4000) cut and four colour-colour cuts: NUVrJ, NUVrK, u-r, and UVJ. The main sequences were then fitted for each of the seven selection methods using a Markov chain Monte Carlo forward modelling routine, fitting both a linear main sequence and a MS with a high-mass turn-over to the star-forming galaxies. This was done in four redshift bins of $0.50 \leq z < 0.62$, $0.62 \leq z < 0.72$, $0.72 \leq z < 0.85$, and $0.85 \leq z < 1.20$. The slopes of all star-forming samples were found to either remain constant or increase with redshift, and the scatters were approximately constant. There is no clear redshift dependency of the presence of a high-mass turn-over for the majority of samples, with the NUVrJ and NUVrK being the only samples with turn-overs only at low redshift. No samples have turn-overs at all redshifts. Star-forming galaxies selected with sSFR and u-r are the only samples to have no high-mass turn-over in all redshift bins. The normalisation of the MS increases with redshift, as expected. The scatter around the MS is lower than the $\approx$0.3~dex typically seen in MS studies for all seven samples. The lack, or presence, of a high-mass turn-over is at least partially a result of the method used to select star-forming galaxies. However, whether a turn-over should be present or not is unclear.