Triple Points of Gravitational AdS Solitons and Black Holes

TL;DR

This paper discovers a triple point in anti de Sitter space where two gravitational solitons and a black hole coexist, revealing complex thermodynamic phase structures influenced by non-linear electrodynamics.

Contribution

It introduces a new triple point in gravitational thermodynamics involving solitons and black holes within non-linear electrodynamics in AdS space.

Findings

Identification of a triple point where two solitons and a black hole coexist.

Re-entrant phase transitions observed in the phase space.

Analytic study of thermodynamics in non-linear electrodynamics context.

Abstract

We present a triple point of a new kind for General Relativity, at which two gravitational solitons can coexist with a planar black hole in anti de Sitter space. Working in the context of non-linear electrodynamics, we obtain simple, sensible spacetimes for which the thermodynamics can be studied in an analytic manner. The spacetimes are charged under the non-linear electrodynamics leading to an electric charge for black holes and a magnetic flux for solitons. In the grand-canonical ensemble, we show that the phase space of the theory is very rich, containing re-entrant phase transitions, as well as triple points, for small values of the coupling controlling the non-linearity of the electrodynamics Lagrangian.