Dynamics of Dwarf Galaxies in Scalar-Tensor-Vector-Gravity

TL;DR

This study tests Scalar-Tensor-Vector Gravity (STVG) as an alternative to dark matter by modeling star velocities in dwarf spheroidal galaxies, finding some tensions but overall supporting STVG's potential.

Contribution

It applies the weak-field limit of STVG to dwarf galaxy dynamics, providing new constraints on the theory's parameters using observational data.

Findings

STVG can effectively replace dark matter in dwarf galaxies

Some tensions found in the parameter $\alpha$ with current data

Results support STVG's viability with further data improvements

Abstract

We have investigated whether the Scalar-Tensor-Vector Gravity theory (STVG) may explain the kinematic of stars in dwarf spheroidal galaxies. STVG modifies General Relativity by adding extra scalar and vector fields with the main aim of replacing dark matter in astrophysical self-gravitating systems. The weak-field limit of STVG brings a Yukawa-like modification to the Newtonian gravitational potential. The modification is modulated by two parameters, $\alpha$ and $\mu$, that represent a redefinition of the gravitational coupling constant and the mass of the additional vector fields, respectively. Thus, adopting the modified gravitational potential arising in the weak-field limit of STVG, we have solved the spherical Jeans equation to predict the line-of-sight velocity dispersion profiles of eight dwarf spheroidal galaxies orbiting around the Milky Way. The predicted profiles are then compared to the data using a Monte Carlo Markov Chain algorithm. Our results pointed out some tensions on the $\alpha$ parameter within the data set, while comparison with previous analysis shows the effectiveness of STVG in replacing dark matter with extra massive fields. Further improvements will require more sophisticated modelling of the line-of-sight velocity dispersion which will be possible as soon as high-precision astrometric data in dwarf spheroidals will become available.