Testing high scale supersymmetry via second order gravitational waves

TL;DR

This paper explores how high-scale supersymmetry could produce observable second order gravitational waves through primordial black hole formation and decay, providing a potential probe of supersymmetry beyond collider reach.

Contribution

It introduces a novel mechanism linking supersymmetric flat directions, Q-ball formation, primordial black holes, and gravitational wave signals at high energy scales.

Findings

Black holes from supersymmetry can dominate early universe energy density.

Decay of black holes generates a detectable gravitational wave background.

Potential to probe supersymmetry at energy scales inaccessible to colliders.

Abstract

Supersymmetry predicts multiple flat directions, some of which carry a net baryon or lepton number. Condensates in such directions form during inflation and later fragment into Q-balls, which can become the building blocks of primordial black holes. Thus supersymmetry can create conditions for an intermediate matter-dominated era with black holes dominating the energy density of the universe. Unlike particle matter, black holes decay suddenly enough to result in an observable gravitational wave signal via the poltergeist mechanism. We investigate the gravitational waves signatures of supersymmetry realized at energy scales that might not be accessible to present-day colliders.